AI is becoming infrastructure, not just a service For Greek universities, research centers and companies developing artificial intelligence, the strategic question is no longer simply which large language model performs best today. A more important question is what technological foundation they want to depend on, understand and be able to modify in the years ahead. […]

The future of AI is not something that will simply happen to us. It is the result of choices about who designs technology, who owns it, who controls it, and to whom they are accountable. One of the most dangerous ways we talk about Artificial Intelligence today is as if it were a natural phenomenon. […]

The trap of the US-China AI race The American debate on artificial intelligence is increasingly shaped by one simple but dangerous sentence: if we slow down, China will overtake us. This sentence has become a political shortcut. It allows major technology companies and their allies to describe regulation, safety testing and public accountability as threats […]

The race is not only about technology The current artificial intelligence boom is often described as a technological race. That description is incomplete. It is also a race for infrastructure, market power and control over the next layer of the digital economy. The largest technology companies are investing hundreds of billions of dollars every year […]

Fluency is not reliability Large language models create a dangerous illusion for both public administration and private organizations. They look like universal productivity engines: fast drafting, fast summaries, fast answers, fast recommendations. But speed and fluency are not the same as accuracy, accountability, or institutional reliability. A model can produce a polished paragraph and still […]

Scientific Arguments Against Uncritical Deployment in the Public Sector Artificial Intelligence is frequently presented as a neutral instrument of modernization within public administration. Claims of efficiency and cost reduction dominate policy discourse. Yet a growing body of scientific research demonstrates that uncritical deployment of AI systems in public institutions poses structural risks to democratic governance, […]

A policy case for Greek as a national and European language data infrastructure Large language models depend on vast amounts of text, but scale without legal clarity produces fragile systems. Datasets built on opaque web crawling cannot guarantee lawful reuse, redistribution, or long-term sustainability. The German Commons provides a clear alternative: 154.56 billion tokens of […]

Fraunhofer ISI and OpenForum Europe are conducting a study for the European Commission which shall investigate in detail the economic impact of Open Source Software (OSS) and Open Source Hardware (OSH) on the European economy. The study should identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of open source in relevant ICT policies. The Open Source impact […]

Apologists for proprietary software like to say, “free software is a nice dream, but we all know that only the proprietary system can produce reliable products. A bunch of hackers just can’t do this.” Empirical evidence disagrees, however; scientific tests, described below, have found GNU software to be more reliable than comparable proprietary software. This […]